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A network of computers (also called computer network or computer network) is a set of equipment (hardware and / or devices) connected by wires, signals, waves or any other method of transporting data, they share information (files), resources (CD-ROM, printers, etc..) and services ( Internet access, e-mail, chat, games, etc.).

To simplify communication between programs (Applications) from different teams, was defined by the ISO OSI model, which specifies 7 layers of abstraction. Thus, each layer develops a specific function with a defined scope.

An intranet is a private network that uses Internet technology as a basic architecture. An internal network is constructed using the TCP / IP for Internet communication, which can run on many hardware platforms and cable projects. The fundamental hardware itself is not an intranet, are essential software protocols. Intranets can coexist with other technology local area network. In many companies, the "legacy systems" existing, including mainframe, Novell networks, mini - computers and multiple databases are integrated into an intranet.

A wide variety of tools allows this to happen. The script of the common gateway interface (CGI) is often used to access databases asset from an intranet. The Java programming language can also be used to access the property database.

Security in an intranet is more complicated to implement, since it is providing security both external and internal users, who allegedly must have permission to use network services.
an intranet or internal network is limited in scope to a single organization or entity. Usually provide services such as HTTP, FTP, SMTP, POP3 and other general use.
On an intranet you can have the same services as the Internet, but they are only available to users of this private network, not the users in general.

Source: http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_de_computadoras